Moscow University
Anthropology
Bulletin
Anthropology
Bulletin
Lomonosov Moscow State University, Anuchin Research Institute and Museum of Anthropology, Mokhovaya st., 11, Moscow, 125009, Russia
Fedotova Tatiana K, Ph.D., D.Sc., ORCID ID: 0000-0001-7750-7924, e-mail: tatiana.fedotova@mail.ru; Gorbacheva Anna K., Ph.D., ORCID ID: 0000-0001-5201-7128, e-mail: angoria@yandex.ru
This study completes the research cycle on secular dynamics of somatic development of Moscow children in the wide age interval from birth to 17 years. Material and methods. The study is held according to the legislation of Russian Federation, ethic norms and principles of Helsinki Declaration (1964). Anthropometric data on modern children of 2000th was collected by the authors in Moscow kinder-gardens and out-patient clinics, N= 336. The data on the children of 1970th collected by V. Krans, N=1735. The data on children of 1960th was collected by T. Dunayevskaya, N=749. Main somatic parameters were compared – body mass and length, acromial and pelvic diameters, chest, hip and shoulder circumferences. The comparison of 1960th-1970th samples includes also sagittal and transversal chest diameters, while samples of 1970th and 2000th are compared by the level of skinfolds. To establish the trends of secular differences of various traits we used special diagrams. They contain standardized differences Zi = (Mi – Mo) / S of the arithmetic means of the anthropometric traits of different data series (Mi) from the values of the 1960th sample (Mo). The standardization procedure is based on the average for all data series values of standard deviations of the traits (S). Results. The decade from 1960 to 1970 for the girls is marked by the decrease of the acromial ( 0,4-1,0 SD) and pelvic diameters (0,3-1,3 SD), sagittal (0,4-0,1 SD) and transversal chest diameters (0,2-1,1 SD), the absence of significant dynamics of body length, the increase of body mass up to 2 SD in some age groups, the absence of clear dynamics of chest and hip circumferences and the decrease of the shoulder circumferences. The boys are characterized by the tendency towards the decrease of the pelvic and sagittal chest diameters and the tendency to the increase of the body length. Boys and girls of 2000th compared to the children of the second half of the XX century show the secular tendency of the increase of the skeletal overall dimensions – body length, acromial and pelvic width. The significant secular increase of these traits is fixed for the children of 12 months age, mostly for the body length – 1,4 SD compared to the 1960 level for boys, 26,0 SD for girls. The secular dynamics for the circumferences of the trunk and the extremities, which variation depends on the muscle and fat development, is not revealed. The significant decrease of the sub-scapular skinfold in modern Muscovites is fixed, -0,8 SD at the average in boys and -0,5 SD at the average in girls. Conclusion. The tendency to the increase of the slender body built of children is revealed through the 1960th-1970th interval. The essence of the secular dynamics for the modern children aged 1-3 years is the increase of skeletal overall body dimensions and the decrease of the adipose parameters through the whole age interval mentioned and the triceps skinfold at the age of 12 months. The described conformities are more apparent at the age of 1 year and smooth over towards 3 years.
anthropology, auxology, somatic development, children of the early age, secular dynamics
Цит.: Fedotova T.K.,Gorbacheva A.K. Somatic development of Moscow children of the early age in the context of secular dynamics // Moscow University Anthropology Bulletin (Vestnik Moskovskogo Universiteta. Seria XXIII. Antropologia), 2016; 2/2016; с. 39-48
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