Moscow University
Anthropology
Bulletin

Epochal retrospective analysis of physique indicators in highly qualified wrestlers

Sirazetdinov R.E.

Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Biology, Department of Anthropology, Leninskie Gory, 1 (12), Moscow, 119234, Russia

Sirazetdinov Rinat E.; ORCID ID: 0000-0003-0817-1966; e-mail: lomacheg@gmail.com

Abstract

Introduction. The purpose of the paper was to study the physique of highly qualified martial art athletes engaged in different types of wrestling, and to perform a retrospective analysis of the morphological features of wrestlers examined since the early 1920s. Materials and methods. Anthropometric data of 48 male athletes who were engaged in martial arts (different types of wrestling) for many years and reached high qualifications (from a candidate for master of sports and above) were used in this study. Athletes were 18-31 years old (mean age – 20.62±0.43), almost all of Russian ethnicity, permanent residents of Moscow. For comparative analysis, the materials of the anthropometric survey of young men – students of different Moscow universities were taken (N = 97). The students were not involved in sports, were of the same age (20.19±0.29), of Russian ethnicity and represented with different weight categories. They were used as a "control group". Results. On the materials of the anthropometric survey of athletes engaged in different types of wrestling, in comparison with the so-called "control group", a set of morphological features was established contributing to the successful achievement in sports. When comparing the physique of modern athletes and wrestlers surveyed in the early and middle of the last century (1920s and 1960s), it is shown that the trend of the secular increase in height typical for modern population, is expressed in athletes to a much lesser extent. Striking similarities are revealed for absolute and relative dimensions characterizing the skeletal body proportions of the wrestlers, which indicates the secular stability of this sports morphotype. Conclusion. The obtained results demonstrate the patterns of formation of morphological features and secular stability of the morphotype of highly qualified athletes involved in different types of wrestling. Revealed complex of somatic features can be used as additional morphological criteria for sports selection, professional orientation and prediction of competitive success.

Keywords

human biology; human morphology; sports anthropology; body proportions; secular trend; sports selection

DOI: 10.32521/2074-8132.2021.4.038-046

Цит.: Sirazetdinov R.E. Epochal retrospective analysis of physique indicators in highly qualified wrestlers // Moscow University Anthropology Bulletin (Vestnik Moskovskogo Universiteta. Seria XXIII. Antropologia), 2021; 4/2021; с. 38-46 (Published: December 22, 2021)

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