Moscow University
Anthropology
Bulletin
Anthropology
Bulletin
Institute of Archaeology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Dm. Ulyanova str., 19, Moscow, 117292, Russia
Tarasova Anna A., PhD; ORCID ID: 0000-0001-5469-2629; taa-volga@yandex.ru; Chechetkina Olga Yu., ORCID ID: 0000-0002-4880-1080; chechyotkina91@bk.ru.
Introduction. During the archaeological excavations of 2020, the necropolis on the territory of the Mozhaisk Kremlin was partially examined. According to the preliminary data, burials on it were made from the end of the 13th century over several centuries. During the existence of the cemetery, the city Kremlin remained the center of the economic and administrative life of the Mozhaisk principality. Anthropological materials from the burials on the territory of the Mozhaisk Kremlin are an independent source, on the basis of which it becomes possible to study the influence of urbanization processes on the territory of North-Eastern Rus during the Mongol-Tatar yoke and during the strengthening of the Russian state. The aim of this study was to research the demographic characteristics, the level of traumatism, the occurrence of stress markers, the growth parameters of children and the physical type of adults in the series from the necropolis in the Mozhaisk Kremlin. Material and methods. The remains of 66 individuals of different sex and age were studied. The research program included age and sex diagnostics, demostatistical modeling using the Acheron program by D.V. Bogatenkov, measurement of the limb bones of adult individuals and the diaphyseal lengths of the tubular bones of children, registration of data on some signs of physiological stress, pathologies of the dental system and discrete traits of hereditary nature. Results. The demographic features of the samples formed according to the chronological principle and of the series as a whole were established. Possible reconstructions of the history and planigraphy of the necropolis are proposed. The dynamics of the age-related increase in the lengths of the limb bones of children was analyzed, the parameters of skeletal and dental age in a child sample were compared. Based on measurements of the limb bones of adult individuals, the physical type of men and women in the group was characterized. The average body length in the adult part of the series was reconstructed using the formulas of Trotter-Gleser and Verchelotti et al. The data on the incidence of pathologies on the bones of the skull and postcranial skeleton are presented. Conclusion. Analysis of demographic indicators and the occurrence of physiological stress signs allows us to state the relative well-being of the group of people buried on the territory of the Mozhaisk Kremlin, in comparison with residents of one of its townships. Children were most affected by stressful environmental conditions. The average indicators of sexual dimorphism in body length and a small difference in the proportions of limb segments, in our opinion, indicate the homogeneity of the group.
the Mozhaisk Kremlin; osteometric characteristics; urban population; medieval urban population; growth of limb bones of children
DOI: 10.32521/2074-8132.2021.1.125-138
Цит.: Tarasova A.A., Chechetkina O.Yu. Anthropological materials from excavations on the territory of the Mozhaisk Kremlin. Preliminary announcement // Moscow University Anthropology Bulletin (Vestnik Moskovskogo Universiteta. Seria XXIII. Antropologia), 2021; 1/2021; с. 125-138
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