Moscow University
Anthropology
Bulletin
Anthropology
Bulletin
1) RAS Miklukho-Maklay Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology, Leninsky av., 32a, Moscow, 119334, Russia; 2) National Research University Higher School of Economics, Myasnitskaya st., 20, Moscow, 101000, Russia; 3) Russian State University for the Humanities, Miusskaya sq., 6, build. 2, Moscow, 125047, Russia
Butovskaya Marina L., Prof., PhD, DSc.; ORCID ID: 0000-0002-5528-0519; marina.butovskaya@gmail.com; Apalkova Yulia I., Researcher; ORCID ID: 0000-0003-3839-8360; julia.apalkova@gmail.com; Fedenok Julia N., PhD; ORCID ID: 0000-0001-6103-6064; fedenok.julia@gmail.com.
Evolutionary theory suggests that intergroup conflicts that accompanied humanity throughout its history could help in the formation of specific morphopsychotypes, and play an important role in the development of behavioral strategies of cooperation with members of your group. The article analyzes the morphological parameters of men associated with masculinity, as well as their attitudes towards empathy and mutual assistance, and their relationship with professional activities, a significant part of which is involvement in a real violent intergroup conflict, or preparation for such interactions. Materials and methods. Socio-demographic characteristics, self-esteem on the level of empathy and attitudes to mutual aid, as well as anthropometry data for two groups of men (military paratroopers and rural residents) became the data for the study. The total sample size was 200 people, including 100 military and 100 villagers. The average age in the military group is 26.8±4.8 years and 33.9±7.3 years in the control group. Morphophysiological parameters are represented by a finger index, hand strength, height and weight of respondents. Results. The military men had significantly lower 2D:4D and BMI, compared to control. Men from the control group were older and grew up in larger families. All these factors and their interactions were taken into account when analyzing the differences between groups on self-esteem of the level of empathy (in the military it was significantly higher on general empathy, the exception was the intuitive channel of empathy), and mutual help (military in a conflict situation were more likely to support relatives, at the same time, they were less likely to agree with the statement that the weaker individuals should be protected). Discussion. The results obtained are discussed in the context of the theory of cooperative behavior. It is concluded, that the ability for empathy and mutual assistance are important components of group interactions, they may partly represent the parochialism strategy. This strategy had been formed in historical past in the context of permanent intergroup conflicts, and served as the basis of group cohesion.
empathy; helping behavior; men; professional militaries; 2D:4D; hand grip strength
DOI: 10.32521/2074-8132.2020.1.058-071
Цит.: Butovskaya M.L., Apalkova Y.I., Fedenok J.N. Empathy and cooperation as components of “warrior” morphopsychology in human: comparative analysis of military and control groups // Moscow University Anthropology Bulletin (Vestnik Moskovskogo Universiteta. Seria XXIII. Antropologia), 2020; 1/2020; с. 58-71
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