Moscow University
Anthropology
Bulletin
Anthropology
Bulletin
Lomonosov Moscow State University, Anuchin Research Institute and Museum of Anthropology, Mokhovaya st., 11, Moscow, 125009, Russia
Kokoba Elizaveta G., Researcher, ORCID ID: 0000-0001-9530-3693; kokoba.e@yandex.ru
The purpose of the study is a comparative analysis of the sexual dimorphism level in various somatic complexes in the Abkhaz population against the background of changing living conditions of society in the period from 1980 to 2010. Materials and methods. The paper presents the results of the three anthropological studies of the adult Abkhazian population of three neighbouring villages (1496 men and women 20-60 years old). Samples are random, all data collection was anonymous and done according to the rules of bioethics with protocols of informed consent signed by each participant. Anthropometric measurements were carried out in 1980, 1990 and 2010 according to standard methods adopted at the Anuchin Institute and Museum of Anthropology of Moscow State University. Statistical analysis was carried out using the package Statistica 10. The coefficient of sexual dimorphism (COP) was calculated by the formula of V.E. Deryabin. To analyze intergroup differences, a canonical discriminant analysis was carried out. The Mahalanobis distances between the samples were calculated. Results. COP values were analyzed for dimensions of the skeleton, circumferences, skinfolds of three Abkhazian samples. The Mahalanobis distances were calculated for different sets of characteristics. The results of the canonical analysis on the complex of characteristics for all groups are presented. Conclusion. A comparative analysis of samples of Abkhazians with different living conditions revealed that while maintaining a high level of sexual dimorphism, there were changes in the COP for some somatic systems. For the 2010 Abkhaz population that has survived stressful situations and a deterioration in the quality of life, several changes in inter-gender differentiation according to certain morphological characters and age categories were revealed. So, for example, in a cohort of people 40-49 and 50-59 years old who survived the crisis of the 1990s at 20-30 years of age changes in the level of sexual dimorphism in skeletal proportions due to the accelerated pace of age-related changes in women relative to male peers have been established. And in men cohorts of 20-29 and 30-39 years of the same survey year who survived the negative factors of the social crisis in childhood and adolescence, there was an increase in the fat component in comparison with women. In general, environmental factors negative for Abkhazians influenced not only certain shifts in morphological characteristics in men and women but also a decrease in the level of sexual dimorphism in all systems of the human body composition. women, but also a decrease in the level of sexual dimorphism in all systems of the human body composition.
anthropology; human morphology; sexual dimorphism; anthropometry; Abkhazians; rural population; social anthropology
DOI: 10.32521/2074-8132.2019.4.040-053
Цит.: Kokoba E.G. Sexual dimorphism in the body morphology of the Abkhazian population against the background of changing social conditions // Moscow University Anthropology Bulletin (Vestnik Moskovskogo Universiteta. Seria XXIII. Antropologia), 2019; 4/2019; с. 40-53
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