Moscow University
Anthropology
Bulletin
Anthropology
Bulletin
Lomonosov Moscow State University, Anuchin Research Institute and Museum of Anthropology, Mokhovaya st., 11, Moscow, 125009, Russia
Khomyakova Irina A., PhD., ORCID ID: 0000-0002-2811-2034; irina-khomyakova@yandex.ru
This study is devoted to the comparative analysis of anthropological characteristics in the samples of modern Sart-Kalmaks of Kyrgyzstan and Kalmyks of Kalmykia Republic testing the hypothesis of a single ethnic history of the Oirat people. Materials and methods. The materials of the anthropological survey of Sart-Kalmaks of Issyk-Kul region of Kyrgyz and Kalmyks of Kalmykia Republic were used. All materials have been collected randomly and anonymously from the population of these territories, according to the rules of bioethics and protocols of informed consent. Anthropometric measurements were carried out according to standard methods using GPM anthropometric instruments. The programme included measuring the longitudinal and transverse dimensions of the skeleton, the circumferences, the skinfold thicknesses, the head and face dimensions. Statistical analysis was done using the STATISTICA 10 package. The main statistical parameters were calculated. Significance level was assessed using the Student’s t-test and the Mann-Whitney test. Intergroup variability of morphological characteristics in the samples of the Sart-Kalmaks and sub-ethnic groups of the Kalmyks were evaluated with analysis of variance using the method of the Scheff (Scheffe test). The discriminant (canonical) analysis was carried out to identify the differences between the samples of Kalmykia and Sart-Kalmaks by a set of features. Epochal variability of body length and size of head Kalmyks in Kalmykia, the Sart-Kalmyks, and the Issyk-Kul Kirghiz were studied. Results. Significant differences were found between the samples of modern Sart-Kalmaks and Kalmyks in the most somatic parameters of body, head and face dimensions. Intergroup variability of the body sizes is more common between male samples. For women, a significant difference is only found for subcutaneous fat deposition. Intergroup variability of head and face sizes are similar for men and women. The analysis of epochal variability showed that over the past 50-60 years the length of the body and the size of the head increased in all studied groups. Conclusion. Comparative analysis of the features of the body, head and face in the studied samples showed that modern Sart-Kalmaks, in the past associated with the Oirat people common origin, language and culture, is significantly different in its physical type from the Kalmyks of Kalmykia.
human morphology; somatology; ethnic anthropology; ethnogenesis; anthropometry; epochal changes
DOI: 10.32521/2074-8132.2019.4.022-039
Цит.: Khomyakova I.A. Anthropological features of Sart-kalmaks of Issyk-Kul and Kalmyks of Kalmykia // Moscow University Anthropology Bulletin (Vestnik Moskovskogo Universiteta. Seria XXIII. Antropologia), 2019; 4/2019; с. 22-39
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