Moscow University
Anthropology
Bulletin
Anthropology
Bulletin
1) Lomonosov Moscow State University, Anuchin Research Institute and Museum of Anthropology, Mochovaya st., 11, Moscow, 125009, Russia; 2) Mongolian National Institute of Physical Education, Ikh toiruu st., 49, Ulaanbaatar, 14200, Mongolia
Godina Elena Z., D.Sc., Prof.; ORCID ID 0000-0002-0692-420X; egodina11@gmail.com; Gundegmaa Lhagvasuren, PhD; mongol_gunde@mail.ru; Permiakova Ekaterina Yu., PhD; ORCID ID 0000-0002-6490-4004; ekaterinapermyakova@gmail.com.
The work is aimed at identifying differences in the values of the total body parameters and functional indicators in urban and rural children and adolescents of Mongolia. Materials and methods. The data for this study were collected in a survey of 2,547 urban and 4,595 rural children and adolescents aged 8-17 years in the central and southern regions of the country. The program of the anthropometric examination was carried out according to the standard methods; blood pressure, heart rate and handgrip strength of both arms were also measured. Results. The descriptive characteristics of the examined indicators are presented and compared in the groups of urban and rural children and adolescents of both sexes; the statistical significance of the differences is given. Discussion. A comparative analysis showed that in terms of total body parameters, urban schoolchildren of both sexes were ahead of their rural peers, and, more clearly, the trend was expressed for girls. The results disagree with those of earlier studies, according to which the cohorts in question differ only slightly, which indicates that urbanization processes are bringing significant changes in socio-economic conditions in various regions of the country, and, hence, in physical characteristics of the children and adolescents. Bigger indicators of handgrip strength were recorded in rural boys at primary school ages, which seems quite logical in terms of a load of physical activities in rural groups, starting from early childhood. Bigger values of this indicator in urban adolescents (especially after puberty) can be interpreted from the point of view of socio-economic differences that provide easier accessibility of sports and fitness clubs in the capital. Changes in hemodynamic parameters in the direction of their increase in the urban groups could be evidence of urbanization stress. While in the groups of boys larger values of these characteristics are recorded after the age of 14 years, in urban schoolgirls significantly larger average values are demonstrated throughout the entire age interval, which could be considered as a negative sign in psychoemotional wellbeing of urban children. Conclusion. The revealed differences in the values of morphofunctional indicators of urban and rural children suggest the continuing impact of urbanization on the physical condition in the surveyed groups. Changes in hemodynamic parameters in the direction of their increase are likely to be associated with excessive stress load in urban environments.
auxology; physical development; modern Mongolian schoolchildren; total body dimensions; morphofunctional characteristics
DOI: 10.32521/2074-8132.2019.1.035-048
Цит.: Godina E.Z., Gundegmaa L., Permiakova E.Yu. Comparative analysis of total body parameters and functional characteristics of Mongolian rural and urban children and adolescents // Moscow University Anthropology Bulletin (Vestnik Moskovskogo Universiteta. Seria XXIII. Antropologia), 2019; 1/2019; с. 35-48
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