Moscow University
Anthropology
Bulletin
Anthropology
Bulletin
Lomonosov Moscow State University, department of anthropology, Leninskie Gori, 1(12), Moscow, 119234, Russia
Castro Stepanova Alexandra, aacas06@gmail.com; Goncharova Natalia N., PhD.; ORCID ID: 0000-0001-8504-1175; 1455008@gmail.com.
Introduction. The article provides a detailed craniological description of the 10th century AD population that left the Chunchuri necropolis in the northern part of Chile. The craniological sample includes skulls without deformation as well as deformed ones. The main causes of cranial deformities in South America are considered. The complexity of the classification of cranial deformation is shown and the classification of Dembo and Imbelloni is given because it seems to be best suited to the Andes zone. The aim of the work is the craniological description of the sample, the search of differentiating measurements for different types of deformations, analysis of the influence of the deformation of the neurocranium on the facial sizes. Material and methods. The materials used are from the collection of skulls of the Chilean National Museum from excavations in the city of Calama (northern Chile). The measurement of the skulls was carried out according to Martin’s expanded program that included 61 measurements. Statistical analyses include descriptive statistics, analysis of variance, and discriminant analysis. Results and discussion. We identified neurocranium’s features that differ significantly in skulls with different types of deformity. The best measurements to distinguish deformation types turned out to be the arcs and chords of the braincase, the size of the foramen magnum, the height and width of the skull, the smallest width of the forehead. Tendencies of differences in facial features between different types of deformation are shown indicating a decrease in the width and an increase in the height of the face. An increase in flattening of the face at the cheekbone level was linked to a decrease in the average width of the face.
palaeoanthropology; craniometry, types of deformation of neurocraniums; differentiating deformation types; population of Chile; X century
DOI: 10.32521/2074-8132.2019.1.018-034
Цит.: Castro Stepanova A.A., Goncharova N.N. Craniological characteristic of the Chilean pre-Columbian era population (based on the Chunchuri necropolis): artificial cranial deformation and morphometric features // Moscow University Anthropology Bulletin (Vestnik Moskovskogo Universiteta. Seria XXIII. Antropologia), 2019; 1/2019; с. 18-34
Download text