Moscow University
Anthropology
Bulletin
Anthropology
Bulletin
1) Department of Physical Therapy, Recanati School for Community Health Professions, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel; 2) Human Population Biology Research Unit, Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; 3) Research Institute and Museum of Anthropology, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
Radiographic hand osteoarthritis (OA) is a frequent condition in any population, ranging in prevalence from 29 to 76%. The possible explanations for differences between populations are diverse genetic backgrounds and environmental exposure. Populations with exceptional numbers of long-lived individuals (longevity populations) were comprehensively studied. Studies performed on centenarians compared to older subjects (approximately 60 years old, when mortality rises dramatically, in order to avoid cohort effects) have reported that centenarians escape the major age-related diseases, with a minority still in good health. Because OA is associated with morbidity and mortality, we hypothesized that radiographic hand OA would generally be less prevalent and would develop at a later age in longevity populations versus non-longevity populations. Objectives: 1) to evaluate if prevalence and mode of development of radiographic hand osteoarthritis (OA) differs in three longevity populations (Abkhazians, Azerbaijanis and Georgians) and in one non-longevity population (Russians); 2) to evaluate if longevity of the population is associated with OA; 3) to compare results on OA development (according to Kellgren-Lawrence’s grading system) and age changes in the hand skeleton (using OSSEO method) for each of the study groups. Sample: Data were collected by the Institute and Museum of Anthropology, Moscow University during several annual expeditions in eights decade of the last century. Longevity index (LI) was calculated as a ratio of the number of individuals aged >90 years versus the number of people aged >60, expressed in per mills (‰). OA was evaluated in 14 joints of the left hand according to Kellgren and Lawrence’s grading system. The same groups were assessed for the rate of age changes in the hand bones using OSSEO method. Statistical analyses included prevalence estimation, linear, logistic and polynomial regressions, and ANOVA. Three sampled populations fulfilled the criterion for longevity populations (LI=40–70‰) and one sample was a non-longevity population: Russians (LI=10–20‰). A significant difference (p<0,003) in age standardized prevalence of hand OA was found between each pair of studied samples, except between the Russians and Georgians and between the Azerbaijanis and Abkhazians (p>0,05). The lowest age standardized prevalence was found in the Abkhazians followed by the Azerbaijanis and Georgians. The highest prevalence was found in the Russians. ANOVA showed significant differences (p<0,01) between the age-adjusted means of NAJs. The lowest age adjusted mean NAJ was found in the Abkhazian population followed by the Azerbaijanis and Georgians. The highest NAJ was found in the Russians. OSSEO method gave similar results, with the exception of Azerbaijanis whose position relative to other groups differed. They showed increased rates of age changes in the hand skeleton in comparison with Abkhazians and Georgians. We observed that the pattern of radiographic hand OA in longevity populations differs from non-longevity populations. Results of our study indicate that longevity populations age slower than non-longevity populations. On average, first joints with OA appear at an older age and progression of hand OA, measured by NAJ, is slower. A comparative analysis on bone aging dynamics in longevity and non-longevity groups gave relatively similar results both using OSSEO method and K-L grading system.
anthropology, longevity, ageing, osteoarthritis, hand, Kellgren-Lawrence’s grading system, OSSEO method
Цит.: Kalichman L., Batsevich V.A., Kobyliansky E. Osteoarthritis in longevity populations of the Caucasus // Moscow University Anthropology Bulletin (Vestnik Moskovskogo Universiteta. Seria XXIII. Antropologia), 2017; 3/2017; с. 76-85
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