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5. «Thrifty» genotype: obesity or sports achievement?

«Thrifty» genotype: obesity or sports achievement?

Bondareva E.A. (1), Parfenteva O.I. (2), Son’kin V.D. (3)

1) Institute and Museum of Anthropology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow; 2) Moscow Sport’s Technologies Centre, Moscow; 3) Institute of Age Physiology, Moscow

Abstract

Uncoupling protein genes (UCP) are perspective candidates for search of the associations between «thrifty» genotype and different traits of modern humans such as obesity predisposition or athletic achievement. The aim of the present paper is to study directions of genetic selection of polymorphic systems of the genes UCP1, UCP2 and UCP3 in different groups of sport. 198 highly qualified Russian athletes (140 males and 57 females) and 71 sedentary controls (38 males and 33 females), took part in the investigation. Buccal smears were collected and genomic DNA was isolated. UCP1 (rs1800592), UCP2 (rs660339), UCP3 (rs1800849) genotyping was performed by «Lytech» (Moscow). Significant differences of the genotype distributions were found for UCP1 and UCP2 gene systems (х2 = 21,2, p = 0,006 и х2 = 24,06, p = 0,002, respectively). Among athletes aerobic, mixed cyclic and team games subgroups have shown selection of the «thrifty» genotypes of the UCP1, UCP2 and UCP3 polymorphic systems. But combat sports subgroup has shown the opposite selection of the initial alleles of the UCP1, UCP2 and UCP3.

Keywords

sports anthropology, uncoupling proteins, sports selection, UCP1, UCP2, UCP3, «thrifty» genotype

Цит.: Bondareva E.A., Parfenteva O.I., Son’kin V.D. «Thrifty» genotype: obesity or sports achievement? // Moscow University Anthropology Bulletin (Vestnik Moskovskogo Universiteta. Seria XXIII. Antropologia), 2017; 3/2017; с. 56-67