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5. Interdisciplinary approach to the study of the processes of human adaptation to extreme environmental conditions

Interdisciplinary approach to the study of the processes of human adaptation to extreme environmental conditions

Stepanova A.V.

Lomonosov Moscow State University, Anuchin Research Institute and Museum of Anthropology, Mokhovaya st., 11, Moscow, 125009, Russia

Stepanova A.V., e-mail: alevtina.s.mail@yandex.ru

Abstract

Interdisciplinary approach to the problem of biological adaptation of humans is necessary for the study of functional, genetic, ecological and evolutionary adaptation of human populations to environmental conditions. Data on hormonal levels of the Pamir native people are analyzed. The following groups of Pamir peoples were examined: 1) Kirghizs of Djirgatal village (2000 m above sea level), 2) Tadjiks of Pasthuf village (2000 m above sea level), 3) Tadjiks of Huf village (3000 m above sea level); 4) populations of Kirghizs and Tadjiks in Murgab settlement (3600 m above sea The total number of investigated people is 573 (315 males и 258 females). The systemic nature of endocrine reactions is revealed. For all the populations studied frequencies distributions of alleles and phenotypes are obtained. The model of morphological structure of the populations seems to be stable in time and strongly dependent on general environmental background. Results of discriminant analysis reveal the relationships between the traits studied. It is observed that different systems of the organism determined by different gene complexes show a stable and statistically significant relationship, which is based on intrinsic and very complicated mechanisms and includes the variety of compensatory-adaptive reactions. The presence of such relationships may serve a mechanism of genetic variations for adaptive important characters.

Keywords

adaptation, hormonal levels, genetic markers, morphological structure, Pamir populations, interdisciplinary approach

Цит.: Stepanova A.V. Interdisciplinary approach to the study of the processes of human adaptation to extreme environmental conditions // Moscow University Anthropology Bulletin (Vestnik Moskovskogo Universiteta. Seria XXIII. Antropologia), 2016; 4/2016; с. 84-90