Moscow University
Anthropology
Bulletin
Anthropology
Bulletin
1) Russian State University of Physical Education, Sports and Tourism, Moscow; 2) Gorno-Altaisk State University, Gorno-Altaisk; 3) Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk
Makhalin A.V., assistant prof., Ph.D., e-mail: fiziologi@mail.ru; Mikhailova S.A., e-mail: fiziologi@mail.ru; Ilyinskikh N.N., e-mail: nauka-tomsk@yandex.ru; Ilyinskikh I.N., e-mail: ilyinskikh@yandex.ru
The purpose of this research is to determine and compare morpho-functional characteristics and body traits of young male sambo sportsmen, who live in the southern and northern areas of Altai Republic, Russian Federation. Materials and methods. The sample included 65 males, practicing martial art sambo on a regular basis, in the age range 17-20. All participants were rural residents of Altai ethnicity. The data were collected in the Altai Republic Medical and Physical Education Health Center in the morning hours, while the sportsmen were in a warm-up process of a regular training session. The research agenda included the following: 1) study of the medical history of the participants; 2) anthropometric examinations (height, weight, chest circumference), using standard anthropometric measurement method [Bunak, 1941]. The collected data of somatic characteristics were converted into Quetelet Index; 3) somatotypes were identified by using Chernorutskiy’s classification of constitutional body types [Chernorutskiy, 1938]. The estimation of constitutional body type was based on the ratio of height, weight, and chest circumference and calculation of Pignet Index; 4) the functional ability of muscular system was measured by the strength of spinal and wrist muscles by a spine and wrist dynamometry; 5) functional abilities of external respiration were measured by the vital lung capacity by means of a portable dry spirometer; 6) the data were analyzed with a software STATISTICA 6.0. Results and discussion. Sambo sportsmen from the low mountainous area of the northern part of Altai Republic are taller and have more body mass and bigger values of chest circumference in comparison to sportsmen from highland area of the southern part of the republic. The participants from the northern area have predominantly hypersthenic body type. They also have higher parameter of muscular strength (wrist and spine strength) and better results of the external breathing function in comparison to sambo sportsmen from the southern parts. There can be identified three main reasons that explain differences of the morpho-functional characteristics among sambo sportsmen from southern and northern areas of Republic Altai: extreme natural climatic conditions, pollution of the environment, and social and economic instability of the country. Further examination of morpho-functional characteristics of Altai youth, both who are involved into sport and not, and also detailed description of social-domestic conditions and ecological environment is necessary to provide a full answer to the research questions. Conclusions. 1) Sportsmen from the northern districts of Altai Republic have significantly higher anthropometric parameters (body height, body mass, and chest circumference) in comparison to sportsmen from southern part of the republic. 2) Normosthenic body type is broadly represented among sambo sportsmen from the southern areas in comparison to those from the northern area of Altai Republic. There are subjects with hypersthenical body type among sambo sportsmen from the northern area, while asthenic type is more often observed among the participants from the southern area. 3) Sambo sportsmen from the northern area have better tests results of external breathing (vital lung capacity, inspiratory lung capacity), muscular system (wrist and spine strength) in comparison to sambo sportsmen from the southern area of Altai Republic.
Republic Altai, juvenile sambo wrestlers, morpho-functional characteristics, anthropometric parameters, Quetelet Index, Pignet Index, somatotype, spinal muscle strength, dynamometry
Цит.: Makhalin A.V., Mikhailova S.A., Iliynskih N.N., Iliynskih I.N. Morpho-functional characteristics of young males from Altai Republic practicing sambo // Moscow University Anthropology Bulletin (Vestnik Moskovskogo Universiteta. Seria XXIII. Antropologia), 2011; 4/2011; с. 99-104
Download text