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5. Physical development in girls’ boarding schools established by the departments of Empress Maria

Physical development in girls’ boarding schools established by the departments of Empress Maria

Ponomareva V.V.

Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of History, Pr. Lomonosovsky, d. 27, 4, Moscow, 119992, Russia

Ponomareva Varvara V., Ph.D., ORCID ID: 0000-0003-1707-2281, e-mail: varvarapon@mail.ru

Abstract

In imperialist Russia at the start of the 20th century there were more than 30 girls’ boarding school established by the departments of Empress Maria. These were highly privileged houses of education, which were under the patronage and protection of the royal family. Majority of pupils were daughters of the nobility. Contrary to popular historiographical belief, in many ways these particular schools which were pioneers in the development of women’s education. In particular, for the first time in the 19th century exercise and therapeutic exercise for girls had originated and consequently been developed in the schools of the Mariinsky establishment. Exercise started to emerge as a compulsory subject, and there were spe-cifically trained physical education teachers, who taught across all of Russia. In this, as in many other aspects, girls’ boarding schools were a leading example for all other women’s educations establishments in Russia.

Keywords

anthropology, gender, Russian History, traditional culture, Empress Maria’s departmental establishments, state paternalism, school medicine, women’s education system, women’s sport, therapeutic exercise

Цит.: Ponomareva V.V. Physical development in girls’ boarding schools established by the departments of Empress Maria // Moscow University Anthropology Bulletin (Vestnik Moskovskogo Universiteta. Seria XXIII. Antropologia), 2015; 1/2015; с. 86-93