Moscow University
Anthropology
Bulletin
Anthropology
Bulletin
1) Reserch Institute and Museum of Anthropology, Moscow State University, Mohovaya St., 11, Moscow, 125009, Russia; 2) The Federal State Budget Scientific Institution “Institute of Developmental Physiology of the Russian Academy of Education”, Pogodinskaya St., 8-2, Moscow, 119121, Russia
Zadorozhnaya Liudmila V., PhD, mumla@rambler.ru; Khomiakova Irina A., assistant professor, PhD, irina-khomyakova@yandex.ru; Makeeva Aleksandra G., PhD, Alexandra.Makeeva@ru.nestle.com.
Materials and methods. Characteristics of schoolchildren lifestyle are analyzed: frequency, composition, and time of meals; total sleep duration; the number of school lessons; time spent using a computer or watching TV; frequency and duration of sports classes. Data have been obtained during the 2015 questionnaire of 750 primary schoolchildren and interview of one of the parents from cities in different regions of Russia. Results. Even in the primary school daily regime of schoolchildren is characterized by a significant contribution of activities related to reduced physical activity – studying at school and at home, reading books, playing games on the computer and watching TV – on average they take up twice as much time than gymnastics, walking, sports (in the section and at physical education classes) or home help. In 92% of children who went out for a walk in the fresh air at least once a week, the average duration of the walk was 1 hour 10 minutes a day. Less than 46% of children and adolescents attend extra sports sections, with the average of 1,5 hours 2 times a week. Duration of sleep is 8 hours or more per day, since many go to bed at 23:00 and get up at 7:00 – 7:15. The school feeding system has a significant influence on the schoolchild’s diet in the primary classes. The frequency of meals meets current recommendations – 4 meals on average. Lunch and dinner have the greatest duration, with the latter ending on average at 19:45. Discussion. Home meals for schoolchildren, especially on weekends, are more disorganized: time mode is disrupted, children eat more “fast food” and confectionery, drink carbonated drinks. The analysis showed that the features of the diet, sleep, and physical activity of modern Russian schoolchildren, starting with the primary classes, are a complex of factors that are evaluated by most modern studies as risk factors for developing excess body weight.
anthropology; auxology; growth and development; factors of the growth process; diet; exercise; overweight
DOI: 10.32521/2074-8132.2018.2.076-084
Цит.: Zadorozhnaya L.V., Makeeva A.G., Khomiakova I.A. The main characteristics of diet, sleep and physical activity of modern Russian primary school children // Moscow University Anthropology Bulletin (Vestnik Moskovskogo Universiteta. Seria XXIII. Antropologia), 2018; 2/2018; с. 76-84
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