Moscow University
Anthropology
Bulletin
Anthropology
Bulletin
1) Lomonosov Moscow State University, Anuchin Research Institute and Museum of Anthropology, Mokhovaya st., 11, Moscow, 125009, Russia; 2) Department of Anatomy and Anthropology and Chair in Biological Anthropology , Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University
Chumakova A.M., e-mail: achumakova@mail.ru; Maurer Andrey M., Ph.D., e-mail: foto-rer@yandex.ru; Pavlovsky O.M.; Pinhasov A.; Kobyliansky Eugene, Ph.D., e-mail: anatom14@post.tau.ac.il
The aim of the work was to create a series of composite photoportraits (CPP) of southern Sinai Bedouins, based on archival photographs of Israeli expedition of 1979–1982, using new digital technologies. Material and methods: 82 photographs of Bedouin persons in two norms – full face and profile. Digital methods: authorial program «Face on face»by Savinetsky-Syroezhkin-Gerasimov. Morphological data: morphological traits of the head (head length, head breadth, minimal frontal breadth, bizygomatic breadth, bigonial breadth, morphological facial height, Subnasale-Gnathion height, nasal breadth, nasal height (nasale-subnasale), nasal leng nasal height (selion-subnasale), computed head and facial indexes (nasal index only for Muzeina tribe). Descriptive head and face traits (determined in the field study with the scale of Fisher-Zaller): hair color (in the field study missing in the scale black hue designated by grade 9), hair form, eye color. Traits values are given for distinct tribal groups, as well as for the entire combined male sample of Bedouins of Sinai. Statistical analysis of the original anthropometric data included analysis of variance, the Student criterion, Scheffe method and canonical discriminant analysis for measuring characteristics of the face. Results. Previously made composite photoportraits were successfully repeated through the use of new digital method. Using enhanced numbers of photographs new CPP were collected to supplement the information about different aspects of anthropological variability in Bedouins tribes: three portraits that reflect the age-appropriate particular characteristics; profile portrait, that fills the information on the vertical face profiling and construction of the nose. Visual integral images, representing distinct tribes and subtribes as well as the general population were obtained. The carried out analysis of measuring and descriptive traits variation in Bedouins subtribes revealed a number of significant differences (in transverse sizes and height of the face, eye and hair pigmentation and color, hair form). Presented characteristics of the anthropological variants of distinct Bedouin tribes, described the important features of the appearance. Conclusions. In some cases, one can judge the comparability of the results of visual analysis of composite portraits with biometric data, in others – to receive more information. Composite photoportraits of homogeneous Muzeina tribe and the tribal group «others» are consistent with the metric information, portraits of substructures of the Gebelia tribe (patchy origin) visualize and complete the table information. Inter-group variability in the South Sinai group is comparable in scale to the intragroup one. The above tribes and tribal associations differ significantly on a number of anthropometric characteristics of the head (the smallest width of the forehead, the morphological face height, the lower part of face), eye and hair pigmentation, hair form; but the formation of stable complexes of characters was not revealed.
ethnic anthropology, composite portraits, South Sinai Bedouins, the tribes, the anthropological appearance description, face morphology, details of facial feature
Цит.: Chumakova A.M., Maurer A.M., Pavlovsky O.M., Pinhasov A., Kobyliansky E. An experience of creation and analyzing of southern Sinai Bedouin’s composite portraits // Moscow University Anthropology Bulletin (Vestnik Moskovskogo Universiteta. Seria XXIII. Antropologia), 2012; 4/2012; с. 98-111
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