Moscow University
Anthropology
Bulletin
Anthropology
Bulletin
1) Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of biology, Department of anthropology, Leninskie Gory, 1, p.12, Moscow, 119991, Russia; 2) Department «Biomedical technical systems» of the Bauman’ State Technical University, Moscow
Dorofeeva А.А., e-mail: ankada@mail.ru; Loskutova Yu.V., e-mail: ulabox86@mail.ru; Khrustalev А.V., e-mail: d1821@yandex.ru; Krilov Yu.V., e-mail: krylov-yuri@yandex.ru; Negasheva Marina A., Ph.D., D.Sc., ORCID ID: 0000-0002-7572-4316, e-mail: negasheva@mail.ru
This article describes iris structure and color as they are presented in scientific literature. The first part of the paper is devoted to iris color and structure as unique biometric characteris-tics for human identity. Special emphasis is made to the main anatomical and morphological properties of the iris, which defines the requirements for recognition patterns. We present the scheme used in ad-vanced methods of automatic iris recognition by its images. The second part of the article describes pigmentation and iris structure in medicine. On the bases of scientific publications, we fix important correlations between the amount of pigment with eye diseases, research methods and measurement of melanin. In the third part of the paper we offer modern developments in methodological approach to eye color research, using computer technology. We proposed a unified approach, based on the requirements of an objective assessment of the phenotypic characteristics of the iris pigmentation, when one of the main problems is methodological comparability of the results, obtained by different specialists. The sources of this problem can be either a lack of comparability of used methods, or subjective mistakes of researchers. In this context, the application of instrumental methods for determining of features pigmen-tation (instead of scales) is very important, as well as the unification of the obtained materials, which can be achieved by automatic computer processing of primary anthropological data (such as iris images), using special software. This article presents the results of the author’s innovative software designed specially for the automatic detection of eye color according to 12-class Bunak’s anthropological scale based on digital photographs of iris obtained with device – iridoskop. On the basis of digital photos and proposed soft-ware that are the result of cooperation of the Biological Faculty of Moscow State University and Re-search and Testing Center of biometric technology of the Bauman Moscow State Technical University, visualization of a 12-class Bunak scale as computer images was made possible. The developed software can be very actual and important to demonstrate the museum ethno-graphic exhibitions at the new high-quality level of computer technologies, for educational purposes, il-lustration of iris pigmentation variants in different human populations. In conclusion, we consider the perspectives of the study of iris color and structure in anthropo-logical research with the possibility of new computer technologies and ways to improve of existing meth-ods of determination of eye color based on molecular genetic studies.
anthropology, methods for the determination of eye color, methods of studying the structure of the iris and computer technology to study the characteristics of the iris
Цит.: Dorofeeva А.А., Loskutova Yu.V., Khrustalev А.V., Krilov Yu.V., Negasheva M.A. Modern methods of studying the color and texture of iris in various sciences and their perspectives in anthropology // Moscow University Anthropology Bulletin (Vestnik Moskovskogo Universiteta. Seria XXIII. Antropologia), 2012; 3/2012; с. 85-94
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