Moscow University
Anthropology
Bulletin
Anthropology
Bulletin
1) Lomonosov Moscow State University, Anuchin Research Institute and Museum of Anthropology, Mokhovaya st., 11, Moscow, 125009, Russia; 2) Federal State Budgetary Institution «Federal Science Center for Physical Culture and Sport», Moscow
Goodkova Lyudmila K., Ph.D., D.Sc., e-mail: lkgoodkova@bk.ru; Perevozchikov Ilya V., e-mail: perevozchikovev@mail.ru; Balakhonova Ekaterina I., Ph.D., e-mail: balakhonova@gmail.com; Kochetkova N.I., e-mail: tanya-nikitin@mail.ru; Maurer Andrey M., Ph.D., e-mail: foto-rer@yandex.ru
Introduction. Migration is one of the factors contributing to the diversity of populations of Homo sapiens and therefore the study of migrants has a long history in anthropology. In today’s world processes of migration have reached significant intensity, so that at the turn of the 20th and 21st century this problem has become particularly relevant. Materials and methods. This article contains the results of the study of modern migrants to the Kamchatka peninsula. By a complex program 350 men and women aged 20 to 50 years were surveyed. The program included the study of the following systems: genetic, morphological, physiological, dermatoglyphic, psychophysiological and the collection of genealogical information and anthropological photography. The last three points of this program are not discussed in this article. Results and discussion. The anthropological type of the migrant sample is defined as the East Europian small race. The only difference from the population of Eastern Europe is darker hair color. This result can be associated with methodological differences or phenotypic plasticity of a character with age variability. The frequencies of alleles of five systems of blood groups are close to the averages for the Eastern European population. There is only a slight decrease in gaplotype cde in the Rhesus system and slightly higher d allele. Average frequencies of dermatoglyphic traits of migrants are very close to the corresponding values of Eastern European Slavs. The measurements of the head and body indicated that the studied sample was characterized with similar body proportions, but was more massive than Russian rural population in the second half of 20th century. It is possible that the differences arose due to the original selection of migratory individuals in the donor population. The body massiveness of the sample is confirmed by the increased incidence of muscular somatotypes in men, as well as euriplastic and picnic ones for females. Adaptively significant physiological features of the Kamchatka migrants, with some exceptions, have no specific characteristics that could indicate to their disadaptation in the new econiche. Lower levels of gamma-globulin, compared to the aboriginal peoples, could indicate a reduced overall immunological reactivity of a group in a new territory. Conclusion. The sample of migrants is classified as belonging to the Eastern European type. Relatively high levels of fat, cholesterol and low level of gamma-globulins may indicate to some state of disadaption of the surveyed sample of migrants.
Lomonosov’ MSU, anthropology, migrants, genetic markers, morphology, physiology, dermatoglyphics, adaptation, ecology
Цит.: Goodkova L.K., Perevozchikov I.V., Balakhonova E.I., Kochetkova N.I., Maurer A.M. Anthropology of Kamchatka migrants // Moscow University Anthropology Bulletin (Vestnik Moskovskogo Universiteta. Seria XXIII. Antropologia), 2012; 1/2012; с. 17-32
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