Moscow University
Anthropology
Bulletin
Anthropology
Bulletin
Russian State University of Physical Education, Sport, Youth and Tourism (SCOLIPE), Moscow
Popov G.I., e-mail: gpopovhome@rambler.ru; Malkhasyan E.A., e-mail: ed_malh@mail.ru; Markaryan V.S., e-mail: vstepmarkaryan@mail.ru; Kalinin E.M., e-mail: emkalinin@gmail.com; Seluyanov V.N., e-mail: vns21@yandex.ru
Introduction. Research objective-studying of influence of rhythmical magnetic stimulation of quadriceps femoris muscles of a hip of both feet on integrative indicators of aerobic readiness of athletes of three various sports specializations. Materials and methods. Equipment: magnetic stimulator of MAGSTIM RAPID (Magstim Company Ltd, Spring Gardens, UK), inertial dynamometer of BIODEX SYSTEM 4 (Biodex Medical Systems, NY, USA), veloer-gometer MONARK Ergomedic 828E (Monark, Sweden), gas analyzer of METALYZER 3B (Cortex, Germany). Participants: three cyclists (master of sports); three runners on average distances (candidates for the master of sports); three skaters – short-track (masters of sports). All participants – students of University of the physical education, acting athletes. Experience of occupa-tions of 6 years. Age of 18–20 years. The total sizes of a body, index of weight of a body, fatty and active mass of a body as a percentage were defined. Results and discussion. Rhythmical reduction of muscles under the influence of magnetic stimulation with a frequency of 17-35 Hz causes activation of muscular fibers type I and muscular fibers type IIA. In them there is an expenditure of ATF, KRF and resynthesis them in muscular fibers (MF) type I and IIA by means of aerobic glycoly-sis. Rhythmic reduction squeezes out blood from veins and strengthens intake of arterial blood to muscles. Experi-ence showed that for 10 reductions for 10 days for each leg of the essential hypoxemic phenomena (local muscular exhaustion) doesn’t arise. The mode of magnetic stimulation is carried out without a relaxation (during 5 s) therefore there is a limited blood supply which promote creation in MF of the factors stimulating a hyperplasia of miofibril, namely, emergence of free kreatine, hormones and moderate acidulation. The powerful tension of large group of muscles – extensor of a knee joint causes allocation in blood of anabolic hormones, in particular, growth hormone. Athletes regularly trained, carried out aerobic loading with activation of oxidizing and intermediate MF. Therefore after a series of magnetic stimulations the increase in the maximum alaktatny power (a hyperplasia of miofibrils) and oxygen consumption at the level of aerobic and anaerobic thresholds was at the same time received. The periph-eral nature of growth of indicators of consumption of oxygen at the level of AET and ANT is proved. In control group occurred only statistically reliable (р<0.01) increase in maximal alactate power (MAP), and indicators of con-sumption of oxygen didn’t change, therefore, not magnetic stimulation promoted growth of consumption of oxygen at the level of AET and ANT, and in addition carried out aerobic training. Force grew at the expense of OMF, it led to growth of consumption of oxygen at the level of ANT (growth of weight of mitochondrions). The mechanism of growth of aerobic opportunities was identical, on the basis of new morphological structures – miofibrils OMF. There was an opportunity for a hyperplasia of mitochondrions in MF type I. Hyperplasia of muscular fibers and increase in force of muscles at representatives of experimental groups wasn’t reflected authentically in a gain of active weight of a body. As a whole, in the conducted research, the facts in favor of the peripheral theory explaining the reasons of emergence of aerobic and anaerobic thresholds were received. Conclusions: Magnetic stimulation of quadriceps femoris muscles of a hip with a frequency of 17–35 Hz, in an isokinetic mode, lasting 5 s with an interval of rest 5 s with, for 10 times for each leg during 10 days, stimu-lates simultaneous statistically reliable increase in the maximum alaktatny power, and when using also aerobic train-ings to growth of consumption of oxygen at the level of aerobic and anaerobic thresholds at decrease in indicators of MCO. Magnetic stimulation of muscles of athletes with frequencies from the range of 17–35 Hz can be considered as a way of increase in aerobic possibilities and muscular force without a reliable gain of muscular weight of a body.
testing, magnetic stimulation, indirect calorimetry, total sizes of a body, index of weight of a body, fatty, active mass of a body
Цит.: Popov G.I., Malkhasyan E.A., Markaryan V.S., Kalinin E.M., Seluyanov V.N. Influence of rhythmical magnetic stimulation as a way of increase in aerobic possibilities of muscles // Moscow University Anthropology Bulletin (Vestnik Moskovskogo Universiteta. Seria XXIII. Antropologia), 2013; 2/2013; с. 106-113
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