Moscow University
Anthropology
Bulletin
Anthropology
Bulletin
Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Biology, Department of Anthropology, Leninskie Mount Street, 1, p. 12, Moscow, 119234, Russia
Negasheva Marina A., PhD., D.Sc., negasheva@mail.ru; Zimina Sofya N., Researcher, sonishat@yandex.ru; Sineva Irina M., PhD., i-sineva@yandex.ru; Yudina Anastasiia M., researcher, nastasia2455@yandex.ru
Introduction. The aim of this study is the screening, comparative analysis and study of morpho-functional adaptation features of young people living in different cities of Russia. Materials and methods. The morphological parameters and functional characteristics of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems of the body were studied in 896 respondents: 565 females and 331 males aged from 17 to 23 years, all of whom were students from different universities in Moscow, Samara, Saransk and Arkhangelsk. Results. Both females and males in Moscow were characterized by a relatively smaller subcutaneous fat deposition in comparison with the youth of other cities. Young men in Arkhangelsk had the highest functional parameters of the cardiovascular system: systolic blood pressure corresponding to the upper limit of the norm; heart rate (81,0±2,0; p=0,024) and minute blood volume (5,67±0,17; p<0,001), which indicates an increase in energy costs for youth in northern latitudes and the stress of adaptive regulatory systems of the body. The lowest values of the Gensler index (within the limits of the norm), which is one of the main functional indicators of the respiratory system, were recorded for young men (89,7±0,9; p<0,001) and women (91,7±0,7; p=0,002) from Moscow, which may indicate a reaction to a high degree of atmospheric air pollution and the lack of an ecological reserve in the Moscow region. It has been shown that a morphofunctional ecological profile typical for a given region is formed in the surveyed urban populations, and its structure is based on the most informative signs that determine the features of the physical state and the adaptive reserves of the organism. Conclusion. Improved indicators of the functioning of the cardiovascular system, the level of physical condition and overall adaptation of the body in males and females from Moscow were established, compared to the youth of Saransk and Arkhangelsk. The lowest values of the general functional state of the organism are noted for Arkhangelsk young men, which are most likely due to the harsher climatic conditions of the North and adaptive shifts in the cardiovascular system.
students; physique; physical state; functional parameters of the cardiovascular system; indicators of the respiratory system; Gensler index; adaptation; morphofunctional ecological profile
DOI: 10.32521/2074-8132.2018.3.041-054
Цит.: Negasheva M.A., Zimina S.N., Sineva I.M., Yudina A.M. Morphofunctional adaptation of young students living in different cities of Russia // Moscow University Anthropology Bulletin (Vestnik Moskovskogo Universiteta. Seria XXIII. Antropologia), 2018; 3/2018; с. 41-54
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