Moscow University
Anthropology
Bulletin
Anthropology
Bulletin
1) Anuchin Institute and Museum of Anthropology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow; 2) Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow
This work continues a series of studies on anthropological characteristics of Sart Kalmyks of Kyrgyzstan, sub-ethnic/ethnic groups of Kalmykia and Mongolia in the context of a hypothesis of a single ethnic history of the Oirat people. The study is based on anthropological data on Torghut and Derbet ethnic groups, collected during 2014-2015 expeditions in Gorodovikovsky, Lagansky and Ketchenerovsky districts of Kalmykia and in Khovd and Uvs aimags of the Western Mongolia. We conducted a comparative analysis of the average values of the measurements that characterize the morphological status of Kalmyks and Mongols without dividing them into sub-ethnic/ethnic groups. It can be stated that both Kalmyk males and females are characterized, on average, by greater dimensions of the body, head and face. Significant differences are found in most morphological parameters describing the size and shape of the body across the samples of modern Kalmyks and Mongols – Torghuts and Derbets. Comparative analysis of the head size revealed significant differences in longitudinal and transverse diameters: Kalmyk Torghut males are distinguished by the greatest longitudinal diameter of the head, while Kalmyk Derbet males – by the transverse one. Derbets (Kalmyks and Mongols) are characterized by increased brachycephaly, as compared with Torghuts. A similar trend was observed in females. Face dimensions in samples of Torghuts and Derbets also showed a significant intergroup variability. The comparative analysis of the secular variation in Kalmyks and Mongols was carried out using data collected by D.O. Ashilova in 1969-1972 and data obtained by D. Tumen during the 1983-1989 expeditions. The analysis established significant temporal variations in body length and head size in groups of Kalmyks and Mongols. The results of the canonical discriminant analysis show differences between studied samples of Kalmyks and Mongols in a number of measurements that describe body, head and face dimensions. At the same time, a low level of discrimination and a significant transgression of individual cases may indicate morphological «proximity» between Torghuts and Derbets of Kalmykia and Mongolia.
human morphology, somatology, ethnic anthropology, Torghuts, Derbets, anthropometry, secular variation, age variability
Цит.: Khomyakova I.A., Balinova N.V. Anthropological features of Torghuts and Derbets of Kalmykia and Western Mongolia: a comparative analysis // Moscow University Anthropology Bulletin (Vestnik Moskovskogo Universiteta. Seria XXIII. Antropologia), 2017; 1/2017; с. 15-32
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