Moscow University
Anthropology
Bulletin
Anthropology
Bulletin
Northern State Medical University, Arkhangelsk
Khromova A.V., e-mail: nadein@atknet.ru; Feliksova O.M., e-mail: felix251@yandex.ru; Kuba A.A., e-mail: ana-kuba@yandex.ru; Bebyakova N.A, e-mail: nbebyakova@mail.ru
The peripheral vasoconstriction is the early predictor of arterial hypertension (AH). Considering that constitutional characteristics include not only morphological, biochemical and neuropsychological parameters, but also genetic aspects of different physiological processes, the aim of the current research is to study the determinants of peripheral vasoconstriction of young males with different somatotypes. In total, 170 young healthy males constantly living in European North (18–22 years) were examined. Somatotype was determined based on morphological examination using Bunak’s scheme [Bunak, 1941]. Vessel tonus was evaluated by means of peripheral reovasography before and after 20 squatting movements for 30 seconds (Martine-Kushelevskii’s probe with dosed physical exertion) and after this the type of CVS reaction to the exercise was identified. Serum concentration of nitric oxide (NO) was biochemically measured based on total concentration of stable metabolites (nitrites/nitrates). Endothelin-1 (ET-1) level was measured using ELISA. Genotyping of -786T>C polymorphism in endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) gene was performed by means of PCR. 48,2% of the study subjects comprised the group with thoracic somatotype, 22,9% had abdominal somatotype,15,3% – muscular and13,5% – undetermined. The highest level of ET-1 was observed in young males with abdominal somatotype (p<0.05). The lowest level of ET-1 was registered in the group with undetermined somatotype. These individuals also had lower concentration of NO (p<0.05). Vessel tonus was normal before physical exertion irrespective of somatotype, but was close to its upper limit. Hypertonic reaction on physical exertion with peripheral vasoconstriction was revealed in 24% of study subjects. This type of reaction was most often observed in the group with abdominal type. Among subjects with hypertonic reaction, the highest vessel tonus both before and after physical exertion was observed in the group with abdominal somatotype. Though the level of NO in this group was the same as in the group with muscular and thoracic somatotypes with the same type of hemodynamic response to physical exertion Genotyping of -786T>C polymorphism in eNOS gene revealed the following genotype distribution: TT – 42,4%, TC – 46,5%, CC – 11,1%. There was no association between the level of NO and the genotypes when somatotype was controlled for. But young males with CC genotype showed the highest level of ET-1 in comparison with TT and TC genotype carriers. The risk to develop peripheral vasoconstriction reaction in young healthy males is associated with the ET-1 level, but not with NO level, irrespective of somatotype. Genotype variant for -786T>C polymorphism in eNOS gene in young healthy males influences synthesis of ET-1, but does not influence the synthesis of NO. CC genotype in eNOS gene promotor predisposes to peripheral vasoconstriction reaction irrespective of somatotype. Vasoconstrictive influence of CC genotype of -786T>C polymorphism in eNOS gene is most pronounced in subjects with abdominal somatotype. Young males with abdominal somatotype have the highest vessel tonus both before and after physical exertion due to higher level of ET-1 synthesis. Accordingly, CC genotype as a risk factor for vasoconstriction is typical for young males from European North with abdominal somatotype. All subjects with this genotype and with abdominal somatotype demonstrated peripheral vasoconstriction both before and after physical exertion and they had highest levels of ET-1 and the highest index of peripheral vascular resistance. Young males with undetermined somatotype have the minimal risk of peripheral vasoconstriction due to the lowest level of ET-1 synthesis.
somatotype, peripheral vasoconstriction, nitric oxide, endothelin-1, -786T>C polymorphism of eNOS gene
Цит.: Khromova A.V.,Feliksova O.M.,Kuba A.A.,Bebyakova N. Constitutional aspects of peripheralvasoconstriction in the population of European North // Moscow University Anthropology Bulletin (Vestnik Moskovskogo Universiteta. Seria XXIII. Antropologia), 2016; 3/2016; с. 115-124
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