Вестник Московского университета
Серия XXIII
Антропология
Серия XXIII
Антропология
1) Bashkir State Pedagogical University named after M.Akhmulla, Russia; 2) Forensic Medical Examination of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia
Shuteleva Iia, e-mail: shutelevai@gmail.com
The Late Bronze Age in the Southern Transurals (Beta Analytic: 1890–1750 BC) is characterized by uniformity of obsequies of barrow burials and Srubnaya culture settlements. In the basin of Urshak river, having area of 23.4 km2, Kazburun archeological region was identified, which monuments materials were used as a base for a complex of natural science investigation methods. The Kazburun archeological microdistrict belongs to homogeneous in archeological material interfluve of Urshak river and Dema river. A group of investigated sites included the monuments of Kazburun burial and settlement complex (Kazburun I–III barrow mounds, Muradymovsky settlement, Usmanovsky I, II and III settlements). They carried out paleopedology investigations of the Late Bronze Age settlements, belonging to one cultural tradition – Usmanovsky II settlement (Usmanovo–2, settlement), Usmanovsky III settlement (Usmanovo–3, settlement), located at the Urshak river bank, Muradymovsky settlement – at the bank of a small brook. As may be supposed, people of this culture came to the Urals from the south, from dry steppes, almost semi-deserts and brought traditions of house building of gypsum (Sherbakov, Shuteleva, Obydennova, Balonova, Khohlova, Golyeva, 2010). In the biggest settlement various anthropologic material was found. In the mound of the settlement there was a grave of a child (1.2–1.5 years old). A study of the Kazburunovsky I burial mound provided the following anthropological materials: two adults buried at the age of 50–59 years. After anthropological analyzes carried out by K.A. Gorshkov, the cause of death of one of them was found out: a fracture of the skull base. In addition, the buried human had traces of paleo-disease that led to the complete merging of the large pelvic bones and femurs, as well as to the complete immobilization of the spinal column. Also, the remains of two boys, aged 7 and 14 years, were found in the studied mounds. The 14-year-old boy was diagnosed with a fractured left femur, most likely during his lifetime, and that could be a possible cause of death. This teenager also had “stress marker” on his teeth, which leads to a conclusion about food irregularity in the diet of human groups in the Late Bronze Age. The traces of paleo-disease with similar symptoms were revealed in one of the buried adults in Muradymovskoe settlement (Obydennova, Sherbakov, Shuteleva, 2006). At present this requires further research.
Late Bronze Age, Southern Transurals, Srubnaya and Andronovskaya cultures, paleo-disease
Цит.: Shuteleva Iia, Shcherbakov Nikolai, Leonova Tatiana, Gorshkov Konstantin PALEOANTHROPOLOGY OF KAZBURUN FUNERAL-SETTLER COMPLEX OF SOUTHERN URALS // Вестник Московского университета. Серия XXIII. Антропология, 2014; 3/2014; с. 109-110
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