Вестник Московского университета
Серия XXIII
Антропология
Серия XXIII
Антропология
1) Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia; 2) Science Practical Center of the State Committee of Forensic Expertise of Belarus Republic, Minsk, Belarus
Udina Irina, e-mail: irina_udina@mail.ru.
A genetic and demographic study of the Minsk, Moscow and Kharkov populations was performed using questionnaire and census data. Three megalopolises, differing in population size, are characterized by heterogeneous ethnic composition, high migration coefficients ranging from 0.40 to 0.55, long average migration distances (564–921 km) and a high proportions of interethnic marriages (up to 33%) resulting in intensive gene flow between ethnic groups. These populations can therefore be considered as mixed in the genetic and anthropological senses. In samples from the most numerous ethnic groups of the three megalopolises – Byelorussians of Minsk (N=370), Russians of Moscow (N=205), and Ukrainians of Kharkov (N=115) – comparative analysis was carried out using the frequency distribution of 18 autosomal forensic STR loci (vWA, TH01, TPOX, CSF1PO, D5S818, D7S820, D13S317, D16S539, F13B, D18S51, D8S1179, D21S11, FGA, PentaE, PentaD, D2S1338, D19S433, D3S1758). Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was demonstrated in all three samples. No significant differentiation was observed in the total loci set, indicating close genetic relationship between the three Eastern Slavic peoples in forensic autosomal STR loci. The three samples demonstrate a low level of genetic differentiation: estimates of genetic distance (Nei, 1978) between the samples lie in the 0.9968–0.9990 interval, and average Fst equals 0.0240 for the 18 loci. The estimates of expected and observed heterozygosity by 18 STR loci are as follows: Byelorussians (Minsk) – He = 0.7942, Ho = 0.7730; Russians (Moscow) – He = 0.7926, Ho = 0.7719 and Ukrainians (Kharkov) – He = 0.7895, Ho = 0.7761. Lower values of observed heterozygosity compared to expected heterozygosity are caused by migration flow within the main ethnic group to the population of the megalopolis from other subdivided populations, demonstrating the Wahlund effect. Peculiarities of genetic and demographic parameters of the three megalopolises are discussed in the context of the problem of forensic genetic databases formation (autosomal STR, mitochondrial and Y chromosome markers) for mixed populations. A more intense male migration suggests more significant dynamics of genetic markers of Y-chromosome, compared to mitochondrial DNA markers. For the forensic genetic database of Minsk it is important that the main migration flow comes from the territory of Belarus and consists of ethnic Byelorussians with low migration from Russia or Ukraine.
forensic genetic database, STR loci, megalopolis, mixed population, genetic-demographic parameters, migration, gene flow
Цит.: Udina Irina, Tsibovsky Iosif, Veremeichik Vera, Kurbatova Olga FORENSIC GENETIC DATABASES FOR MIXED POULATIONS // Вестник Московского университета. Серия XXIII. Антропология, 2014; 3/2014; с. 84-85
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