Moscow University
Anthropology
Bulletin
Anthropology
Bulletin
1) FSBI «Research Centre for Medical Genetics», Moskvorechie st., 1, Moscow, 115522, Russia; 2) Vavilov Institute of General Genetics RAS, Gubkina st., 3, Moscow, 119991, Russia; 3) Department of Pedagogics and Professional Education, Amur State University of Humanities and Pedagogy, Kirova st., 17/2, Komsomolsk-on-Amur, 681000, Russia; 4) Biobank of Northern Eurasia, Kotlyakovskaya st., 3, Moscow, 115201, Russia; 5) National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Kabanbay Batyr Avenue, 53, Nur-Sultan, 010000, Kazakhstan
Balanovska Elena V., Doctor of Biology, Professor, ORCID ID: 0000-0002-3882-8300; balanovska@mail.ru; Agdzhoyan Anastasiya T., PhD of Biology, ORCID ID: 0000-0002-8776-2934; aagdzhoyan@gmail.com; Bogunov Yury V., PhD of Biology, ORCID ID: 0000-0001-7643-3660; forbogunov@inbox.ru; Bogunova Anna A., PhD of Biology, ORCID ID: 0000-0001-9543-1492; ansyach@yandex.ru; Kamenshchikova Evgeniya N., PhD of Pedagogy, ORCID 0000-0003-1484-0820; mangu_evgenia@mail.ru; Kagazezheva Zhaneta A., ORCID: 0000-0003-1666-0380; janetka0001@bk.ru; Chernyshenko Dmitry N., ORCID ID: 0000-0001-7156-1049; rabotamech@mail.ru; Pylev Vladimir Yu., ORCID ID: 0000-0001-9541-8319; freetrust@ya.ru; Zhabagin Maxat K., PhD of Biology, ORCID ID: 0000-0003-3414-0610 mzhabagin@gmail.com; Balanovsky Oleg P., Doctor of Biology, Professor RAS, ORCID ID: 0000-0003-4218-6889 balanovsky@inbox.ru.
Materials and methods. We studied the gene pool of the large Nanai clan Kile which, according to social studies, had been formed by several waves of Evenki migrations. The Kile sample consisted of 45 males from 14 settlements located in 7 different parts of the Khabarovsk region. Most Kile members geographically belong to either upriver or lake Nanai groups and are rarely found among the downriver and Gorin Nanai. Our sample was compared to the gene pools of Far East and Central Asian populations, which were investigated using the same panel of 60 Y-chromosome SNP markers. Multivariate analysis and linkage maps allowed us to reduce the number of SNPs in the panel to 30 markers for subsequent comparison with less studied populations. Results. According to the analysis of large haplogroups, the genetic portrait of the Kile looks homogenous: haplogroup C constitutes 85% of the sample, whereas haplogroups N and O, 12% and 3%, respectively. The analysis of haplogroup С branches revealed that three-quarters of the Kile represent the C-M48 branch, demonstrating a sharp contrast between the Kile and the majority of the Nanai, who rarely belong to this haplogroup. The multidimensional scaling plot and the map of genetic distances support this conclusion: the Kile are very close genetically to the Evens and Evenki, relatively close to the Ulchi, Negidal, Nivkh and Koryaks, and distant to all 4 Nanai groups. Further analysis of С-М48 subgroups uncovered a sharp difference between the Kile and Evenki and a striking similarity between the Kile and Evens. Conclusion. The drastic differences between the Kile and the overall genetic portrait of the Nanai are consistent with the available linguistic and ethnographic data. However, the stunning differences between the Kile and Evenki and the striking similarity between the Kile and Evens contradict the data generated by social sciences. In light of this, we propose a hypothesis that the Kile are not descended from the Evens, but from an ancient protopopulation that existed before the divergence of Evens, Kile and Evenki, and that only the Kile and Evens preserve the Z40445(xB470,F13686) subbranch of haplogroup C in their gene pool.
ethnogenesis; gene pool; clan structure; population; Y-chromosome; Amur River basin; Nanai; Evens; Evenki
DOI: 10.32521/2074-8132.2020.2.113-125
Цит.: Balanovska E.V., Agdzhoyan A.T., Bogunov Y.V., Bogunova А.А., Kamenshchikova E.N., Kagazezheva Zh.A., Chernyshenko D.N., Pylev V.Yu., Zhabagin M.K., Balanovsky O.P. Genetic entangling of the Tungusic-speaking populations of the Far East: Evens, Evenks, Nanai // Moscow University Anthropology Bulletin (Vestnik Moskovskogo Universiteta. Seria XXIII. Antropologia), 2020; 2/2020; с. 113-125
Download text