Moscow University
Anthropology
Bulletin
Anthropology
Bulletin
1) Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Biology, Department of General Ecology, Leninskie Mount Street, 1, p. 12, Moscow, 119234, Russia; 2) Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Mechanics and Mathematics, Leninskie Mount Street, 1, Moscow, 119234, Russia
Budilova Elena V., PhD, D.Sci., Senior Scientist; ORCID ID: 0000-0003-0769-4570; evbudilova@mail.ru; Lagutin Michail B., assistant; ORCID ID: 0000-0003-3778-4497; lagutinmb@mail.ru.
Introduction. The article analyzes the dynamics of the incidence of socially significant diseases of several groups (cancer, mental and behavioral disorders, alcoholism and alcohol psychoses, narcomania, toxicomania, and syphilis) in 8 federal districts of Russia. Materials and methods. The study is based on an analysis of Russian Federal State Statistics Service data on 82 subjects of the Russian Federation for 2005–2016. Results. During the study period, the incidence of cancer in Russia on average has increased. The highest incidence is observed in the Central and Southern Federal Districts, the lowest – in the North Caucasus Federal District. The very high rates of morbidity grew in the Far Eastern Federal District. The incidence of mental and behavioral disorders in Russia on average has decreased, while high incidence persists in the North Caucasus, Volga, Siberianб and Far Eastern federal districts, out of all subjects of the Russian Federation the highest incidence is observed in Chukotka Autonomous Okrug. Diseases associated with chemical forms of addiction (alcoholism and alcohol psychoses, narcomania, toxicomania), showed a downward trend in Russia on average. The highest incidence of these types of diseases was preserved in the Far Eastern Federal District, the lowest – in the North Caucasus Federal District (alcoholism and alcohol psychoses, narcomania) and Southern Federal District (toxicomania). The incidence of syphilis in the country has also decreased, with the highest incidence in 2016 observed in the Far Eastern Federal District and Siberian Federal District, although declining significantly over the period, and relatively low incidence in the Ural Federal District, the Southern Federal District and the North Caucasus Federal District. Out of all subjects of the Russian Federation, the highest incidence of syphilis was in Tyva Republic. Taking into consideration all studied types of socially significant diseases, the most problematic federal district was the Far Eastern District: in 2005 it exhibited the maximum incidence rate for 3 out of 6 groups of diseases, while in 2016 – for 4 out of 6 groups. On the other hand, the least problematic was the North Caucasian Federal District – with the lowest incidence observed for 5 out of 6 groups of diseases in 2005 and 3 out of 6 groups of diseases in 2016. Conclusion. Incidence of mental and behavioral disorders, syphilis, as well as diseases associated with chemical forms of addiction (alcoholism and alcohol psychoses, narcomania and toxicomania), showed a tendency to decrease in Russia from 2005 to 2016. On the contrary, the incidence of cancer has increased during the same period. Overall, significant spatial differentiation of the spread of these diseases within Russia was revealed.
cancer; mental and behavioral disorders; alcoholism and alcohol psychoses; narcomania; toxicomania; syphilis; territorial differentiation
DOI: 10.32521/2074-8132.2019.3.082-100
Цит.: Budilova E.V., Lagutin M.B. Dynamics and territorial differentiation of socially significant diseases of the Russian population in 2005-2016 // Moscow University Anthropology Bulletin (Vestnik Moskovskogo Universiteta. Seria XXIII. Antropologia), 2019; 3/2019; с. 82-100
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