Moscow University
Anthropology
Bulletin
Anthropology
Bulletin
1) All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Physical Culture & Sport (VNIIFK), Elizavetinsky per.,10/1, Moscow, 105005, Russia; 2) Lomonosov Moscow State University, Anuchin Research Institute and Museum of Anthropology, Mokhovaya st., 11, Moscow, 125009, Russia
Abramova Tamara, DSci.; ORCID ID: 0000-0002-5671-3806; atf52@bk.ru; Nikitina Tatyana, PhD.; ORCID ID: 0000-0002-6581-8052; tanya_nikitina@mail.ru; Polfuntikova Anastasia; ORCID ID: 0000-0003-2779-5045; Ananaz87@gmail.com; Iordanskaya Faina, PhD; ORCID ID: 0000-0002-4284-651X; iordanskaya@rambler.ru; Zurin Eduard, PhD.; ORCID ID: 0000-0003-0596-504Х; rudra54@mail.ru; Petruk Elena; ORCID ID: 0000-0001-7380-821Х; petruk_e@mail.ru; Mikhalev Sergey ; ORCID ID: 0000-0003-2922-9768; MSV@vniifk.ru; Gilyarova Olga , ORCID ID: 0000-0002-6645-6241; fellis@yandex.ru.
Materials and methods. The results were based on a survey of 150 boys 6 to 10 years old studying at pre-school and junior education schools and 103 young football players 6 to 10 years old, undergoing the initial sports training. The examination program included standard indicators of physical development and fitness: total body dimensions, chest circumference, limbs circumferences and skinfolds, lungs capacity, blood pressure and heart rate, posture evaluation; handgrip strength, long jump with two legs, shuttle running (three sections of 10 m each), 6-minute running, and flexibility when tilting forward in standing positions. Results. Children who do not exercise have risk factors for excess body weight and obesity, low muscle mass, posture disorders, high heart rate, and hypotonic reaction. Young footballers are characterized by normal body weight and BMI, lower body fat and higher muscle mass, lower frequency of postural disorders, a predominance of high lung capacity, lower heart rate in cases of high blood pressure, better flexibility, speed, strength, and coordination. Discussion. Systematic exercise has a positive effect on the physical health of 6-10-year-old children. The greatest lag in the physical development of children who are not involved in sports is at the age of 7 and can be interpreted as the simultaneous influence of age-related transformation of the basic organization of higher mental functions with the stress of homeostatic regulation mechanisms and the start of schooling while enhancing hypodynamia. The smallest differences in physical development and physical fitness are typical for 6-year-old children, which corresponds to the stage of completion of the semi-growth spurt. Conclusion. Optimization of children’s physical health is based on the continuity of physical education programs and initial sports training aimed at the formation of functional life support systems and the musculoskeletal system.
anthropology; auxology; physical education programs; initial sports training; junior sportsmen
DOI: 10.32521/2074-8132.2019.3.005-014
Цит.: Abramova T.F., Nikitina T.M., Polfuntikova A.V., Iordanskaya F.A., Zyurin E.A., Petruk E.N., Tarasova L.V., Mikhalev S.V., Gilyarova O.A. The influence of systematic exercise on physical development and physical fitness of children aged 6-10 years // Moscow University Anthropology Bulletin (Vestnik Moskovskogo Universiteta. Seria XXIII. Antropologia), 2019; 3/2019; с. 5-14
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