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5. Intra- and intergroup differences in morphofunctional characteristics of young men in three ethnic groups under normal and experimental conditions

Intra- and intergroup differences in morphofunctional characteristics of young men in three ethnic groups under normal and experimental conditions

Godina E.Z., Zadorozhnaya L.V., Khomyakova I.A., Purundzhan A.L.

Lomonosov Moscow State University, Anuchin Research Institute and Museum of Anthropology, Mokhovaya st., 11, Moscow, 125009, Russia

Godina E.Z., D.Sc., prof., ORCID ID: 0000-0002-0692-420X, e-mail: egodina11@gmail.com; Zadorozhnaya L.V., Ph.D., ORCID ID: 0000-0002-3143-3226, e-mail: mumla@rambler.ru; Khomyakova I.A., assistant prof., Ph.D., ORCID ID: 0000-0002-2811-2034, e-mail: irina-khomyakova@yandex.ru; Purundzhan A.L.

Abstract

Three populations were repeatedly investigated in Russia: Russians (investigated in Moscow), Tatars (investigated in the city of Naberezhnye Chelny), Adygs (investigated in the city of Maikop). These three populations have been chosen because they live in different geographical and climatic conditions, and also because of their different ethnicities and cultural traditions. In 2006/7 about 120 young males (20–30-year-olds) were observed in the three locations in summer and winter. The program of the investigation included: a) morphological evaluations (parameters related to growth and body compositions; body height, weight, body diameters, body circumferences, skinfold thickness, body surface area, BMI, Body fat %, Fat-free body mass, etc.); 2) physiological evaluations (parameters related to cold-exposure stress: cold-induced vasodilation (CIVD); BMR (evaluated indirectly, on the basis of anthropometric measurements), skin temperature, finger-tip accelerated pulse wave); 3) survey with questionnaires (parameters related with daily life activity and pattern; sleep-wake time-period, meal times, dietary contents, energy intake, physical activity level, outdoor activity duration, tobacco-smoking, alcohol intake, etc). Basing on summer and winter measurements, adaptation to cold stress under different environmental conditions has been studied in young males of the three ethnic groups (Russians, Tatars and Adygs). The results show the prevailing role of genetic (endogenous) factors in the formation of morpho-functional traits, in norm reaction to the extreme experimental conditions, in BMR values and basic cardiovascular characteristics.

Keywords

adaptation, morpho-functional traits, cold stress, norm reaction, extreme conditions

Цит.: Godina E.Z., Zadorozhnaya L.V., Khomyakova I.A., Purundzhan A.L. Intra- and intergroup differences in morphofunctional characteristics of young men in three ethnic groups under normal and experimental conditions // Moscow University Anthropology Bulletin (Vestnik Moskovskogo Universiteta. Seria XXIII. Antropologia), 2009; 1/2009; с. 54-65