Moscow University
Anthropology
Bulletin
Anthropology
Bulletin
1) Lomonosov Moscow State University, Anuchin Research Institute and Museum of Anthropology, Mokhovaya st., 11, Moscow, 125009, Russia; 2) Abkhazian Institute of Humanities Research, Sukhum, Abkhazia
Kokoba Elizaveta G., e-mail: kokoba.e@yandex.ru; Tchizhicova T., e-mail: tchizhicova@rambler.ru; Smirnova N.S.; Kvitziniya P.K., e-mail: Lamara22@rambler.ru
Somatic characteristics of rural Abkhazians investigated in 1980 (940 individuals) and in 1990 (500 individuals) are analyzed. Somatic material was collected in 1990 T.P. Chizhikova and E.G. Kokoba and material is presented for each year of the survey over the decades. For each of the cohorts in the two surveys were calculated basic biometric characteristics. Program morphological examination includes 32 measuring (length and weight, longitudinal and girth sizes, folds of fat on his body and limbs), and estimates of the amount of subcutaneous and total fat (by Matiegka), as well as indicators of fat-free body mass. Semi-longitudinal study comparing age cohorts at two points was carried out. In all analyzed traits female groups reveal fewer differences. Evaluated the significance of mean differences of arithmetic quantities the characteristics with the help of t–criterion. To test the hypothesis significance of differences between even-aged cohorts of occurrence of constitutional types used -Fisher transformation. Mean values for body length is always greater in groups in 1990 survey, although no statistically significant differences were found, except for age group 40–49 years, for which both men and women of the two surveys revealed a statistically significant difference (p <0.05). Truly, age-related changes as defined by differences of mean values of body length between groups of two surveys, one year of birth is always less than that between the same age groups, cross-sectional survey. In male groups, the average body lengths at older ages differ more than in the women’s groups. Ten years later between the same age groups the average values of body weight revealed statistically significant differences (p <0.001) in groups of 20–29 years for men and women. Also, the sizes of chest girth of two surveys of 1980 and 1990 the differences between the same age groups were statistically significant only for groups of 20–29 at the five percent level. Arithmetic mean values for chest girth slightly more in the study in 1990 in men of all age groups and for women - less. Traits associated with fatty component revealed no obvious differences, in contrast to the characteristics of a defatted body mass. A female age group 20–29 years is 2 cm higher than their peers according to the 1990, have greater weight, but fewer features girth size and number of fat component, but the larger values for defatted body mass. In all analyzed traits for the male revealed more differences. New generations of men in 1990 at the age of 20–29 years is slightly higher, have a greater body weight and chest girth, and are large in the mean values of defatted body mass. Among all age groups the most significant distinctions are noted for Abkhazian women in age cohort of 20–29 years. For men and women of 70–79 years no single difference in any traits was revealed. On two surveys characteristic somatotype among Abkhazians can be considered a type of muscular men and transition to it - thoraco-muscular and muscular chest, and women – stenoplastichesky and mezoplastichesky options. Extreme variants of the morphological structure – asthenia, and obesity are found among Abkhazians extremely rare. In all analyzed traits for the male revealed more differences. New generations of men in 1990 at the age of 20–29 years is slightly higher, have a greater body weight and chest girth, and are large in the mean values of defatted body mass. Among all age groups the most significant distinctions are noted for Abkhazian women in age cohort of 20–29 years. For men and women of 70–79 years no single difference in any traits was revealed. On two surveys characteristic somatotype among Abkhazians can be considered a type of muscular men and transition to it chest, and women – a type of stenoplastichesky and mezoplastichesky. Extreme variants of the morphological structure – asthenia, and obesity are found among Abkhazians extremely rare. Age dynamics is less evident in the second data set. The analysis of absolute, relative and descriptive age characteristics of somatic status of Abkhazians in two data sets, as well as their dynamics shows practically stable morphological type of the Abkhazians.
Abkhazians, morphology, body growth, body weight, girth, somatic characteristics, semi-longitudinal method, somatotype, age changes, stability of morphological structure
Цит.: Kokoba E.G., Tchizhicova T., Smirnova N.S., Kvitziniya P.K. Somatic characteristics of the abkhaziansinvestigated in two different decades // Moscow University Anthropology Bulletin (Vestnik Moskovskogo Universiteta. Seria XXIII. Antropologia), 2011; 2/2011; с. 47-65
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