Moscow University
Anthropology
Bulletin
Anthropology
Bulletin
1) Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of biology, Department of anthropology, Leninskie Gory, 1, p.12, Moscow, 119991, Russia; 2) Lomonosov Moscow State University, Anuchin Research Institute and Museum of Anthropology, Mokhovaya st., 11, Moscow, 125009, Russia
Borovkova N.P., e-mail: borovkova.nadya@gmail.com; Gorbacheva Anna K., Ph.D., ORCID ID: 0000-0001-5201-7128, e-mail: angoria@yandex.ru; Fedotova Tatiana K, Ph.D., D.Sc., ORCID ID: 0000-0001-7750-7924, e-mail: tatiana.fedotova@mail.ru; Chtetsov V.P.
Variations of newborn body length, mass, chest and head circumferences are reviewed in connec-tion with climatic and geographical factors, urbanization degree of the residence and ethnicity. Material and methods. Data on physical development of newborn infants of former USSR of the late 1960th – early 1970th are enlisted from the book «Material on physical development of children and teenagers from the cities and rural regions of the USSR». The total number of the material is over 70000 people, 63 samples, mainly urban. The minimum number of the samples is 100 people, the maximum is 3825 people. The intergroup comparison was held separately for slavonic ethnic groups (russian, bielo-russian, ukranian) from different regions of the USSR, separately for the other ethnic groups (chukchi, eskimo, turkman, tajik, uzbek, kirghiz, moldavian, lithuanian, azerbaijanian). Such algorithm allowed to minimize the influence of the ethnicity in the first case while analysing the interrelations of newborn an-thropometry with climatic and geographical indices. The list of ecological parameters envolved includes latitude, longitude, altitude, insolation, total radiation; average year parameters of temperature, norm of precipitation, humidity, wind velocity, temperatures of january and july and their difference (climate «continentality»); the number of the population of the residence as the parameter of the urbanization de-gree. The enumerated indices are borrowed from electronic statistic resources. To define the trends of the ethno-territorial variations we used standard differences Zi = (Mi – Mo)/S of the mean values of anthro-pometric parameters of different samples (Mi) from the values of Moscow sample (Mo). The standardize procedure is based on using united common for all samples meanings of intragroup standard deviations of the parameters (S). To estimate the direction and intensity of anthropometric indices and external fac-tors relations the dispersion diagrams were used. Results and discussion. The comparison of slavonic groups revealed that the minimal scale of in-tergroup variation belongs to body mass – about 0.8 S for boys (370 g) and 1 S for girls (420 g). The variation range for body length is 1.8 S for girls and 1.9 for boys, 34 mm and 39 mm accordingly. The variation scale for chest circumference is about 1.7 S for both boys and girls or about 25-26 mm; for head circumference is over 2 S for both sexes. The significant trend of body length increase from west to east with the increase of longitude is established: R=0.4 (P=0.02) for boys and R=0.38 (P=0.02) for girls. The correlation of the body length with the average year norm of precipitation is negative and equals R= - 0.05 (P=0.01). The tendency of body length and chest circumference increase for both boys and girls is revealed in connection with the latitude increase, from south to north, in accordance with the Bergman rule. The comparison of non-slavonic ethnic groups shows the similarity of intergroup variation of different body indices with the state of territorial variation of slavonic groups of newborn. Never the less the parameters of climate severity – maximal january temperature, average year temperature, cli-mate continentality – reveal correlations with body mass and chest circumference of boys and girls, not with the body length as it was fixed while examining slavonic samples. The comparison of newborn di-mensions of different ethno-territorial groups, inhabiting the same region, doesn’t keep inside the distinct scheme. Thus, differences of body length between russian and uzbek newborn are not significant in Tash-kent, Yangi-Youll and Urgench. In Almalyk and Surkhandariinskaya province russian newborn boys are significantly bigger than uzbek. On the contrary in Chirchik russian boys fall behind the uzbek. Conclu-sion. Nor climatic and geographical factors, neither the urbanization rate of the residence or the anthro-pological specificity of the newborn sample, considered independently, are absolutely definite and facile determinants of newborn dimensions variations.
anthropology, newborn, physical development, ethnicity, parameters of climate severity, urbanization rate
Цит.: Borovkova N.P., Gorbacheva A.K., Fedotova T.K., Chtetsov V.P. Newborn body indices variety in different ethno-territorial groups // Moscow University Anthropology Bulletin (Vestnik Moskovskogo Universiteta. Seria XXIII. Antropologia), 2012; 3/2012; с. 56-71
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