1. Home
2. Archive
3. 2013
4. 4/2013
5. Dental anthropology of Shors and taxonomic problems in the south of Western Siberia

Dental anthropology of Shors and taxonomic problems in the south of Western Siberia

Aksyanova G.

Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology RAS, Moscow

Aksyanova G., e-mail: gaksyanova@gmail.com

Abstract

Analysis of data which were obtained by the author in the Mountain Shoria (Kemerovo Province, 1983). Describes the taxonomic problems of this transition region and taxonomic scheme developed in dental anthropology. There is a prevalence of Eastern / Mongoloid component in Shors’ dental complex clearly: a high frequencies of shovel-shaped incisors (58.7%) and sixth cusp on the first lower molar (26.1%) but averadge frequencies of distal trigonid crest (10.3%) and deflecting wrin-kle (17.8%). The eastern component unites mountain Shors with Teleuts, Altaians-Telengits, Khakases-kyzyltsy and north samoedic peoples distinctively; features of western complex bring them closer to the northern Altai people – Tubalars. Very peculiar characteristic of Shors has common roots with the sur-rounding nations, emphasizing the diversity of European-Mongoloid transitional forms in the southern part of Western Siberia. The author proposes to consider increasing the fre-quency of the distal crest and, in parallel, M16 cusps in the group as a criterion of the South Siberian anthropological im-pact. Territorial differentiation of Shors’ samples is increased due to the strong deviation to Khakases of the Abakan Shor group from the homogeneous core in the Kuznetsk Basin. Aver-age taxonomic distances (ATD) between territorial groups of Mountain Shoria are low or average, 0.29-0.43 radians. ATD be-tween the mountain and the Abakan Shors 1.42, which greatly exceeds the level of significant differences. Mountain Shors are carriers of Eurasian odontological contact type with Uraloid component. This dental type is associated with the South Sibe-rian anthropological type of mixed origin. Uraloid component in Shors most pronounced in the subgroup of the upper reaches of the Mrassu («far Shors» by Yarkho). Forest Nenets in Western Siberia is nearest to him at the intergroup summary comparison. Discussed material provides the anthropological proof for the presence of Samodian groups in the taiga foothills of the Altai before spread of the Turks in this region.

Keywords

anthropology, Turkic peoples of the Altai-Sayan area, mountain Shors, tooth morphology, Eurasian contact odontologic type

Цит.: Aksyanova G. Dental anthropology of Shors and taxonomic problems in the south of Western Siberia // Moscow University Anthropology Bulletin (Vestnik Moskovskogo Universiteta. Seria XXIII. Antropologia), 2013; 4/2013; с. 68-79