Moscow University
Anthropology
Bulletin
Anthropology
Bulletin
Research Center for Medical Genetics of the Russian Academy of Medical Scince, Moscow
El’chinova Galina Iv., Ph.D., D.Sc., ORCID ID: 0000-0003-3665-982X, e-mail: elchinova@med-gen.ru; Vasilyeva T.A., e-mail: vasilyeva_debrie@mail.ru
The surnames as a biological marker are successfully used all over the world for a long time and allow to receive estimations of population-genetic parameters on the large territories at rather low material and time expenses. Such estimations are valuable not only for scientific purpose, but also are necessary for the analysis of territorial prevalence of a hereditary pathology, its cargo and spectrum. These parameters are included in the algorithm of complex medic-population-genetic inspection of the population of studied regions. This strategy is used in the study of the Republic Tatarstan population conducted in the laboratory of genetic epidemiology in RCMG of the Russian Academy of Medical Science. Accuracy of using of the method of isonymy at work with the Tatar surnames is shown earlier by us [Ельчинова, Зинченкo, 2010]. Surnames were totally copied from lists of electors for 16 regions of Tatarstan in 2009, their distribution is considered earlier in detail [Ельчинова и др., 2012]. The regions with prevalence of the title nation were picked up for this research. The rural district with one or several neighbour settlements is chosen as a population unit. Some characteristics, such as random inbreeding and parameters of Barrai, also were received earlier. The analysis of surname landscapes schemes demonstrates the character of inter- and intrapopulation mutual relations in studied region and it was repeatedly applied in researching of various populations of Russia. For calculation of distancy matrixes surnames with the frequency exceeding 0.1% are chosen. The sample covers from 32% of the population in Bugulminsky area to 83% in Atninsky area. Standard cluster analysis by a meadow-connection method with a threshold 0.05 is made, results are reflected in schemes of surname landscapes. The visual analysis of five landscape schemes is carried out. In regions with monoethnic population structure the equidistant figures are concentric, focused along means of communication. In polyethnic areas clustering occurs by an ethnic principle, the clusters dispose as a «puzzle», confirming the lowest level of metisation between various ethnic groups in the Republic Tatarstan found out earlier. The size of elementary population is estimated as group of the next areas occupied by inhabitances of one ethnic subgroup of Tatars. The results received are agreed with such population-genetic characteristics, as an index of endogamy and length of the average square-law migration, received from the analysis of marriage records for 1990–2000.
isonymy, a family landscape, elementary population, cluster
Цит.: El’chinova G.Iv., Vasilyeva T.A. The аnalysis of population genetic structure of Tatarstan inhabitances through the surname landscape // Moscow University Anthropology Bulletin (Vestnik Moskovskogo Universiteta. Seria XXIII. Antropologia), 2013; 1/2013; с. 120-126
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