Moscow University
Anthropology
Bulletin
Anthropology
Bulletin
1) Center for Life Science, Nazarbayev University, Astana, Kazakhstan; 2) Vavilov Institute for General Genetics RAS, Moscow, Russia; 3) Research Centre for Medical Genetics RAMS, Moscow, Russia; 4) Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Astana, Kazakhstan; 5) Institute for Humanities Research of the Republic of Bashkortostan, Ufa, Russia; 6) Karazin National University, Kharkov, Ukraine; 7) National Center for Biotechnology of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Astana, Kazakhstan; 8) Forensic science centre of the Ministry of Justice of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Astana, Kazakhstan; 9) Mongolian Academy of Sciences, Ulan Bator, Mongolia
Zhabagin M., e-mail: mzhabagin@gmail.com; Dibirova Kh., e-mail: hadizha-dibirova@mail.ru; Frolova S.A., e-mail: s_frolova@list.ru; Sabitov Zh., e-mail: babasan@yandex.ru; Yusupov Y., e-mail: ufa1980@yandex.ru; Utevska O.M., e-mail: outevsk@yandex.ua; Tarlykov P.V., e-mail: pavel.tarlykov@gmail.com; Tazhigulova Inkar, e-mail: inkar.tazhigulova@gmail.com; Balaganskaya O., e-mail: olga.vasinskaja@mail.ru; Nymadawa P., e-mail: nymadawa@gmail.com; Zakharov I.A., e-mail: iaz34@mail.ru; Balanovsky Oleg P., D.Sc. in Biology, prof. RAS, ORCID ID: 0000-0003-4218-6889, e-mail: balanovsky@inbox.ru
Aim: to study the possible connection between of Y-chromosomal variability and the genealogical structure of Kazakhs to analyze the relationship between biological and social kinship. In the study, besides the descendants of the steppe aristocracy and steppe clergy (sample size N = 94), other clans of Kazakhs and Mongols (N = 359) were analyzed. All samples were analyzed by 17 Y-chromosomal STR markers, addressing to haplogroups was confirmed by direct analysis of haplogroup-defining SNPs. In the clan of Tore, eight haplogroups were identified, among which there were three major haplogroups: C3 * – M217 (xM48) (35%), R1a * – M198 (xM458) (22%) and R2a – M124 (17%). In the clan of Kozha, there were 14 Y-chromosome haplogroups, only three of which had frequencies higher than 10 percent: R1a1a-M198 (37%), J2-M172 (12%), R2a-M124 (11%). The major haplogroups of Kozha (R1a, J2, R2a) are typical for gene pool of South-West Asia, Iran and Tajikistan, which marks possible homelands of the missionaries which brought Islam into Kazakhstan. In the comparative analysis of the Tore and Kozha, it was revealed that there are similarities in the two major haplogroups – R1a1a-M198 and R2a-M124, which can indicate the genealogical links between the socially privileged groups, which is consistent with historical sources. The clan of Tore (Genghis Khan descendants in Kazakhstan) is similar to the clan of Bordzhigin (Genghis Khan descendants in Mongolia) by frequency of the major haplogroup C3* (35% in Tore and 39% in Bordzhigin); this haplogroup is presumably attributed to Genghis Khan. The phylogenetic analysis of the haplogroup C3* allowed us to reveal three new clusters of haplotypes. One of them includes members of Konirat clan only; the age of the cluster is 1100±400 years. The corrected age of the star-cluster (including the so-called “Genghis Khan haplotype”) was estimated to be 1000 +/- years. We revealed the partial positive relation between social and biological kinship in Kazakh clans, which can serve as source of information, additional to the written records.
Y-chromosome, gene geography, clan structure of the Kazakhs, population genetics
Цит.: Zhabagin M.K., Dibirova H.D., Frolova S.A., Sabitov Zh.M., Yusupov Yu.M., Utevska O.M., Tarlykov P.V., Tazhigulova I.M., Balaganskaya O.A., Nymadawa P., Zakharov I.A., Balanovsky O.P. The relation between the Y-chromosomal variation and the clan structure: the gene pool of the steppe aristocracy and the steppe clergy of the Kazakhs // Moscow University Anthropology Bulletin (Vestnik Moskovskogo Universiteta. Seria XXIII. Antropologia), 2014; 1/2014; с. 96-101
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