Moscow University
Anthropology
Bulletin
Anthropology
Bulletin
1) Gorno-Altay state University, Lenkina st. 1, Gorno-Altaysk, Republic of Altai, 649000, Russia; 2) Federal State Budgetary Institution Research Centre for Medical Genetics RAS, Moskvorechye st. 1, Moscow, 115522, Russia; 3) N.N. Miklukho-Maklai Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology RAS, Leninsky prospect, 32 a, Moscow, 119991, Russia
Bodrosheva N.G., asevnat@mail.ru; Balinova N.V., PhD, balinovs@mail.ru; Spitsyna N.Kh., PhD, nailya.47@mail.ru
Introduction. The aim of the study was to analyze the reproduction processes in urban populations of the Russian Federation. The second task was to identify disadvantageous trends in the processes of natural population changes, the role, and importance of biological and social factors. Materials and Methods. Representative population-genetic material was collected in 2015-2016 in Gorno-Altaysk, the Altai Republic, with additional involvement of official statistics and census materials. In a sample of women aged 45 or over, bio-demographic information was collected, 560 files on family obstetric history were analyzed. The classic Crow method was used to calculate the indexes of the maximum possible potential selection and differential fertility and mortality components. The strength of social regulation of reproduction in families was quantified. Results. For the first time the intensity of the social impact on reproduction was quantified: the minimum regulation of the population was revealed in Gorno-Altaysk (0,598), and the highest – in Syktyvkar, Elista, and Saransk (0,993; 1,309; and 2,059 respectively). In comparison with the populations of the European part of the Russian Federation, the average number of pregnancies per woman of the post-reproductive age cohort is lower, the proportion of obstetric pathology is lower, the average birth rate is higher or the same. Discussion. The results of the comparative anthropogenetic analysis of reproduction processes showed that specific adaptive features of the reproductive structure had been developed in the Gorno-Altaysk population: it is as close as possible to the inherent unregulated nature of reproduction processes, but in terms of contributing to the formation of a new generation it is comparable to simple reproduction parameters. The present slump in the birth rate in Gorno-Altaysk against the background of the ongoing demographic processes in the Russian Federation tends to get worse, with the forecast of further natural population decrease.
population; bio-demographic structure; reproduction; selection; differential fertility; differential mortality
DOI: 10.32521/2074-8132.2018.3.118-128
Цит.: Bodrosheva N.G., Balinova N.V., Spitsyna N.Kh. Comparative anthropogenetic analysis of reproduction processes in the population of Gorno-Altaysk // Moscow University Anthropology Bulletin (Vestnik Moskovskogo Universiteta. Seria XXIII. Antropologia), 2018; 3/2018; с. 118-128
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